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1.
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What effect does DNA methylation have on gene expression?
a. | causes genes to be transcribed more quickly | b. | mutates the DNA
sequence so that the incorrect protein is produced | c. | inactivates a gene and prevents it from being
expressed | d. | degrades the DNA and prevents the gene from being
expressed |
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2.
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What is epigenetic inheritance?
a. | inheritance that does not directly involve the nucleotide
sequence | b. | inheritance of entire sets of genes all at once | c. | the recoding of a
nucleotide sequence in response to an environmental change | d. | inheritance of
traits from the maternal egg that are not encoded by DNA |
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3.
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Which of the following might be the result of epigenetic inheritance?
a. | mutation in DNA that causes an incorrect amino acid to be added to a
protein | b. | one identical twin developing a genetic disease while the other does
not | c. | expression of a recessive phenotype by a homozygous recessive
individual | d. | removal of an alternate intron during RNA splicing |
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4.
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How are proteins processed after translation occurs?
a. | cutting the amino acid chain into separate polypeptides | b. | addition of chemical
groups like phosphates | c. | addition of carbohydrate chains to serve as
cell-surface markers | d. | all of the
above |
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5.
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What is the function of a proteasome?
a. | alternate splicing of mRNA | b. | binds to RNA polymerase to regulate
transcription | c. | destroys proteins marked with ubiquitin | d. | binds to mRNA to
produce a protein |
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6.
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What is RNA interference (RNAi)?
a. | the action of small RNA molecules that prevents translation of some
mRNA | b. | the inactivation of RNA polymerase to prevent gene expression | c. | incorrrect pairing
of the tRNA anticodon to the mRNA codon | d. | the binding of RNA molecules to DNA, preventing
transcription |
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