Name: 
 

FQQ 17.4


 1. 
During the process of translation, tRNA
a.
carries the instructions for making a protein to the ribsome.
b.
carries amino acids to the ribosome.
c.
makes up the small subunit of the ribosome.
d.
makes up the large subunit of the ribosome.
 

 2. 
What is the significance of the anticodon?
a.
it signals to the ribosome where translation should begin
b.
it is the three-nucleotide code on the strand of mRNA that specifies which amino acid should be added to the protein next
c.
it causes the finished protein to be released when translation is over
d.
it ensures that the appropriate amino acid is being added to the protein by complementing the mRNA codon
 

 3. 
Why is wobble important in translation?
a.
fewer tRNA molecules are needed by the cell because of the versalitly in bonding the third nucleotide of the triplet
b.
it allows a single type of tRNA to recognize all codons, introducing variability in the amino acids added to the growing protein
c.
the ability of a single tRNA to bind to multiple amino acids allows translation to happen more efficiently
d.
it allows for new traits to arise, which are then acted upon by natural selection
 

 4. 
How do prokaryotic ribsomes differ from eukaryotic ribosomes?
a.
prokaryotic ribosomes lack membranes, but eukaryotic ribosomes have them
b.
prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller than eukaryotic ribosomes
c.
prokaryotic ribosomes only have a single unit while eukaryotic ribosomes consist of two subunits
d.
prokaryotic ribosomes translate DNA directly while eukaryotic ribosomes read mRNA
 
 
nar001-1.jpg
 

 5. 
In the image above, which letter represents the P site?
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 6. 
In the image above, which letter represents the E site?
a.
A
b.
B
c.
C
d.
D
e.
E
 

 7. 
Which of the following can happen to a polypeptide after it is released from the ribosome?  Choose all that apply.
 a.
three-dimensional folding of the chain based on chemical properties of amino acids
 b.
removal of exons by RNA polymerase
 c.
chemical modification by the addition of sugars, lipids, or phosphate groups
 d.
chemical modification by the removal of some amino acids
 

 8. 
How do free ribosomes differ from bound ribosomes?
a.
Free ribosomes and bound ribosomes have slightly different subunits, resulting in the attachment of bound ribosomes to the ER.
b.
A protein called SRP (signal recognition particle) is found in free ribosomes, but not bound ones.
c.
Free ribosomes typically make proteins destined for use within the cytoplasm while bound ribosomes make proteins for export.
d.
Free ribosomes translate mRNA from the nucleus while bound ribsosomes translate tRNA from the inner membrane of the ER.
 



 
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